Scars are visible marks left on the skin after an injury (burn, chemical, mechanical), as the body's healing mechanisms are activated to maintain the structural and functional integrity of the damaged tissue. Incomplete healing can lead to scarring that creates deformity leaving an unsightly aesthetic result. Scars are divided into hypertrophic, atrophic, keloid, post-operative, post-necrotic and ricrotic scars, with acne scars being a special category.
Acne scars occur as a result of abnormal healing of the acne skin and are due to both hereditary factors and inactive and untimely Acne Treatment.
Atrophic scars are scars that show atrophic, thin skin at the site of the scar.
Hypertrophic scars are malformed scars with a large size that does not exceed the limits of the original lesion.
The keloids are noticeably larger, malformed and extend beyond the boundaries of the original lesion.
REASONS
The formation of scars is due to the parallel action of the functions of anabolism and catabolism. To cope with the damage, the epidermis creates new collagen fibres, a fibrous protein that restores skin cohesion. The deposition of collagen in the acne scar, however, does not occur in an orderly fashion but rather anarchically, disrupting the architecture of the skin. During healing, the body produces a lot of collagen, which creates a scaffold in the skin. This increased collagen production is due to increased anabolism activity.
Cheloidal acne scars can be caused in some cases of severe acne in predisposed individuals. These are the excessively hypertrophic acne scars that usually appear on the back, shoulders and chest. Cheloid acne is characterized by misshapen, large scars.
Cheloids are often formed after skin injury such as burns, surgery and vaccination or after tattooing (tattooing). They most commonly occur on the back, chest and neck, as well as on the chin and earlobes. They most commonly affect darker skin, and have a particular preference for the female sex and black race. Usually, the causes of keloids are hereditary or due to endocrine factors.
THERAPY
The most common methods of treating keloids are intravenous (on the keloid) cortisone injections and liquid nitrogen cryotherapy. Cryotherapy for relatively small keloids works by causing strong cooling by spraying on the keloids which are locally necrotic and gradually fall off. For larger keloids with sufficient volume there is a special method of cooling the keloid from within (cryoshape).
Other methods include silicone sheets, pressure with a special bandage, closed bandage, laser, intravenous injections of interferon, radiotherapy and surgical excision.
Source : www.edae.gr
